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Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004) - Samoa (2001)
Compare Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004) z Samoa (2001)
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) (2004) | Samoa (2001) | |
-2004-bmala.jpg) |  | |
| Administrative divisions | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | 11 districts; A'ana, Aiga-i-le-Tai, Atua, Fa'asaleleaga, Gaga'emauga, Gagaifomauga, Palauli, Satupa'itea, Tuamasaga, Va'a-o-Fonoti, Vaisigano |
| Age structure | 0-14 years: NA
15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2004 est.) |
0-14 years:
31.88% (male 29,009; female 28,069) 15-64 years: 62.44% (male 70,491; female 41,304) 65 years and over: 5.68% (male 4,739; female 5,446) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | fodder and vegetable crops; sheep, dairy products | coconuts, bananas, taro, yams |
| Airports | 5 (2003 est.) | 3 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | total: 2
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.) |
total:
1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | total: 3
under 914 m: 3 (2004 est.) |
total:
2 under 914 m: 2 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total: 12,173 sq km
land: 12,173 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes the two main islands of East and West Falkland and about 200 small islands |
total:
2,860 sq km land: 2,850 sq km water: 10 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly smaller than Connecticut | slightly smaller than Rhode Island |
| Background | Although first sighted by an English navigator in 1592, the first landing (English) did not occur until almost a century later in 1690, and the first settlement (French) was not established until 1764. The colony was turned over to Spain two years later and the islands have since been the subject of a territorial dispute, first between Britain and Spain, then between Britain and Argentina. The UK asserted its claim to the islands by establishing a naval garrison there in 1833. Argentina invaded the islands on 2 April 1982. The British responded with an expeditionary force that landed seven weeks later and after fierce fighting forced Argentine surrender on 14 June 1982. | New Zealand occupied the German protectorate of Western Samoa at the outbreak of World War I in 1914. It continued to administer the islands as a mandate and then as a trust territory until 1962, when the islands became the first Polynesian nation to reestablish independence in the 20th century. The country dropped the "Western" from its name in 1997. |
| Birth rate | NA births/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 15.59 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | revenues: $66.2 million
expenditures: $67.9 million, including capital expenditures of $23.2 million (FY98/99 est.) |
revenues:
$74.8 million expenditures: $81.4 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.) |
| Capital | Stanley | Apia |
| Climate | cold marine; strong westerly winds, cloudy, humid; rain occurs on more than half of days in year; average annual rainfall is 24 inches in Stanley; occasional snow all year, except in January and February, but does not accumulate | tropical; rainy season (October to March), dry season (May to October) |
| Coastline | 1,288 km | 403 km |
| Constitution | 3 October 1985; amended 1997 and 1998 | 1 January 1962 |
| Country name | conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
conventional long form:
Independent State of Samoa conventional short form: Samoa former: Western Samoa |
| Currency | Falkland pound (FKP) | tala (WST) |
| Death rate | NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.) | 6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | NA (1999 est.) | $180 million (1998 est.) |
| Dependency status | overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina | - |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Carol MOSELEY BRAUN (Ambassador to New Zealand and Samoa, resides in Wellington, New Zealand) embassy: 5th floor, Beach Road, Apia mailing address: P. O. Box 3430, Apia telephone: [685] 21631 FAX: [685] 22030 |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | chief of mission:
Ambassador Tuiloma Neroni SLADE chancery: 800 Second Avenue, Suite 400D, New York, NY 10017 telephone: [1] (212) 599-6196, 6197 FAX: [1] (212) 599-0797 |
| Disputes - international | claimed by Argentina whose forces briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for sovereignty talks | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | none (1997 est.) | $42.9 million (1995) |
| Economy - overview | The economy was formerly based on agriculture, mainly sheep farming, but today fishing contributes the bulk of economic activity. In 1987 the government began selling fishing licenses to foreign trawlers operating within the Falklands exclusive fishing zone. These license fees total more than $40 million per year, which goes to support the island's health, education, and welfare system. Squid accounts for 75% of the fish taken. Dairy farming supports domestic consumption; crops furnish winter fodder. Exports feature shipments of high-grade wool to the UK and the sale of postage stamps and coins. The islands are now self-financing except for defense. The British Geological Survey announced a 200-mile oil exploration zone around the islands in 1993, and early seismic surveys suggest substantial reserves capable of producing 500,000 barrels per day; to date no exploitable site has been identified. An agreement between Argentina and the UK in 1995 seeks to defuse licensing and sovereignty conflicts that would dampen foreign interest in exploiting potential oil reserves. Tourism, especially eco-tourism, is increasing rapidly, with about 30,000 visitors in 2001. Another large source of income is interest paid on money the government has in the bank. The British military presence also provides a sizeable economic boost. | The economy of Samoa has traditionally been dependent on development aid, family remittances from overseas, and agricultural exports. The country is vulnerable to devastating storms. Agriculture employs two-thirds of the labor force, and furnishes 90% of exports, featuring coconut cream, coconut oil, and copra. The manufacturing sector mainly processes agricultural products. Tourism is an expanding sector, accounting for 15% of GDP; about 85,000 tourists visited the islands in 2000. The Samoan Government has called for deregulation of the financial sector, encouragement of investment, and continued fiscal discipline. Observers point to the flexibility of the labor market as a basic strength for future economic advances. Foreign reserves are in a relatively healthy state, the external debt is stable, and inflation is low. |
| Electricity - consumption | 15.19 million kWh (2001) | 93 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | 0 kWh (2001) | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | 16.33 million kWh (2001) | 100 million kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
60% hydro: 40% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Usborne 705 m |
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mauga Silisili 1,857 m |
| Environment - current issues | overfishing by unlicensed vessels is a problem; reindeer were introduced to the islands in 2001 for commercial reasons; this is the only commercial reindeer herd in the world unaffected by the Chornobyl disaster | soil erosion |
| Environment - international agreements | - | party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
| Ethnic groups | British | Samoan 92.6%, Euronesians 7% (persons of European and Polynesian blood), Europeans 0.4% |
| Exchange rates | Falkland pounds per US dollar - 0.6125 (2003), 0.6661 (2002), 0.6944 (2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.618 (1999), 0.6037 (1998); note - the Falkland pound is at par with the British pound | tala per US dollar - 3.3400 (January 2001), 3.2712 (2000), 3.0120 (1999), 2.9429 (1998), 2.5562 (1997), 2.4618 (1996) |
| Executive branch | chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Governor Howard PEARCE (since 3 December 2002); Chief Executive Chris SIMPKINS (since NA March 2003); Financial Secretary Derek F. HOWATT (since NA) cabinet: Executive Council; three members elected by the Legislative Council, two ex officio members (chief executive and the financial secretary), and the governor elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch |
chief of state:
Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II (cochief of state from 1 January 1962 until becoming sole chief of state 5 April 1963) head of government: Prime Minister TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi (since 24 November 1998); note - TUILA'EPA served as deputy prime minister since 1992; he assumed the prime ministership in November 1998 when former Prime Minister TOFILAU Eti Alesana resigned in poor health; the post of deputy prime minister is currently vacant cabinet: Cabinet consists of 12 members, appointed by the chief of state with the prime minister's advice elections: upon the death of Chief Susuga MALIETOA Tanumafili II, a new chief of state will be elected by the Legislative Assembly to serve a five-year term; prime minister appointed by the chief of state with the approval of the Legislative Assembly |
| Exports | NA (2001) | $17 million (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Exports - commodities | wool, hides, meat | coconut oil and cream, copra, fish, beer |
| Exports - partners | Spain 80%, UK 9.3%, US 3.6% (2003) | American Samoa 59%, US 18%, Germany 9%, New Zealand 8% (2000 est.) |
| Fiscal year | 1 April - 31 March | calendar year |
| Flag description | blue with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Falkland Island coat of arms centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms contains a white ram (sheep raising is the major economic activity) above the sailing ship Desire (whose crew discovered the islands) with a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto DESIRE THE RIGHT | red with a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side quadrant bearing five white five-pointed stars representing the Southern Cross constellation |
| GDP | purchasing power parity - $75 million (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $571 million (2000 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | agriculture: NA
industry: NA services: NA |
agriculture:
15% industry: 24% services: 61% (2000 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | purchasing power parity - $25,000 (2002 est.) | purchasing power parity - $3,200 (2000 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | NA | 6.8% (2000 est.) |
| Geographic coordinates | 51 45 S, 59 00 W | 13 35 S, 172 20 W |
| Geography - note | deeply indented coast provides good natural harbors; short growing season | - |
| Highways | total: 440 km
paved: 50 km unpaved: 390 km (2002) |
total:
835 km paved: 267 km unpaved: 569 km (1983) |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | lowest 10%: NA
highest 10%: NA |
lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Imports | NA (2001) | $90 million (f.o.b., 2000) |
| Imports - commodities | fuel, food and drink, building materials, clothing | machinery and equipment, industrial supplies, foodstuffs |
| Imports - partners | UK 62%, Spain 30.4%, Italy 2.5% (2003) | New Zealand 37%, Australia 24%, Fiji 14%, US 14% (2000 est.) |
| Independence | none (overseas territory of the UK; also claimed by Argentina) | 1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship) |
| Industrial production growth rate | NA | 10% (2000 est.) |
| Industries | fish and wool processing; tourism | food processing, building materials, auto parts |
| Infant mortality rate | total: NA
male: NA female: NA (2004 est.) |
31.75 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | 3.6% (1998) | 0.8% (2000 est.) |
| International organization participation | ICFTU, UPU | ACP, AsDB, C, ESCAP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IMF, IMO, Intelsat (nonsignatory user), IOC, ITU, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO (observer) |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | NA sq km | NA sq km |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court (chief justice is a nonresident); Magistrates Court (senior magistrate presides over civil and criminal divisions); Court of Summary Jurisdiction | Supreme Court; Court of Appeal |
| Labor force | 1,100 (est.) | 90,000 (2000 est.) |
| Labor force - by occupation | agriculture 95% (mostly sheepherding and fishing) | agriculture 65%, services 30%, industry 5% (1995 est.) |
| Land boundaries | 0 km | 0 km |
| Land use | arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (99% permanent pastures, 1% other) (2001) |
arable land:
19% permanent crops: 24% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 47% other: 10% |
| Languages | English | Samoan (Polynesian), English |
| Legal system | English common law | based on English common law and local customs; judicial review of legislative acts with respect to fundamental rights of the citizen; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
| Legislative branch | unicameral Legislative Council (10 seats - 2 ex officio, 8 elected by popular vote, members serve four-year terms); presided over by the governor
elections: last held 22 November 2001 (next to be held NA November 2005) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 8; note - 71% voter turnout |
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Fono (49 seats - 47 elected by Samoans, 2 elected by non-Samoans; only chiefs (matai) may stand for election to the Fono; members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 4 March 2001 (next to be held by March 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - HRPP 23, SNDP 13, independents 13 |
| Life expectancy at birth | total population: NA years
male: NA years female: NA years (2004 est.) |
total population:
69.5 years male: 66.77 years female: 72.37 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 97% male: 97% female: 97% (1971 est.) |
| Location | Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of southern Argentina | Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand |
| Map references | South America | Oceania |
| Maritime claims | territorial sea: 12 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm |
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Military - note | defense is the responsibility of the UK | Samoa has no formal defense structure or regular armed forces; informal defense ties exist with NZ, which is required to consider any Samoan request for assistance under the 1962 Treaty of Friendship |
| Military branches | no regular military forces | no regular armed services; Samoa Police Force |
| Military expenditures - dollar figure | NA | $NA |
| Military expenditures - percent of GDP | NA | NA% |
| National holiday | Liberation Day, 14 June (1982) | Independence Day Celebration, 1 June (1962); note - 1 January 1962 is the date of independence from the New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship, 1 June 1962 is the date that independence is celebrated |
| Nationality | noun: Falkland Islander(s)
adjective: Falkland Island |
noun:
Samoan(s) adjective: Samoan |
| Natural hazards | strong winds persist throughout the year | occasional typhoons; active volcanism |
| Natural resources | fish, squid, wildlife, calcified seaweed, sphagnum moss | hardwood forests, fish, hydropower |
| Net migration rate | NA migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.) | -11.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | none; all independents | Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi, chairman]; Samoa All People's Party or SAPP [Matatumua NAIMOAGA]; Samoan National Development Party or SNDP [TAPUA Tamasese Efi, chairman] (opposition); Samoa National Party [FETU Tiatia, party secretary]; Samoan Progressive Conservative Party [LEOTA Ituau Ale] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | none | NA |
| Population | 2,967 (July 2004 est.) | 179,058 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | NA | NA% |
| Population growth rate | 2.44% (2004 est.) | -0.23% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Stanley
note: the primary port is located in Stanley Harbour and known locally as FIPASS (Falkland Interim Port and Storage System); the facility consists of seven permanently moored barges providing 300 meters of berthing space; it was installed by the military after 1982 and handed over to the Falkland Islands Government in 1988 |
Apia, Asau, Mulifanua, Salelologa |
| Radio broadcast stations | AM 1, FM 7, shortwave 0 (1998) | AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 178,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | primarily Anglican, Roman Catholic, United Free Church, Evangelist Church, Jehovah's Witnesses, Lutheran, Seventh-Day Adventist | Christian 99.7% (about one-half of population associated with the London Missionary Society; includes Congregational, Roman Catholic, Methodist, Latter-Day Saints, Seventh-Day Adventist) |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.71 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female total population: 1.39 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | 18 years of age; universal | 21 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | general assessment: NA
domestic: government-operated radiotelephone and private VHF/CB radiotelephone networks provide effective service to almost all points on both islands international: country code - 500; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) with links through London to other countries |
general assessment:
adequate domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | 2,400 (2002) | 8,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | 0 (2001) | 1,545 (February 1998) |
| Television broadcast stations | 2 (operated by the British Forces Broadcasting Service)
note: cable television is available in Stanley (2002) |
6 (1997) |
| Terrain | rocky, hilly, mountainous with some boggy, undulating plains | narrow coastal plain with volcanic, rocky, rugged mountains in interior |
| Total fertility rate | NA children born/woman (2004 est.) | 3.4 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | full employment; labor shortage (2001) | NA%; note - substantial underemployment |
| Waterways | - | none |
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